Posted by Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance is the second chapter in Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 MCQs , and it dives deeper into the concepts of electric potential, potential difference, and the role of capacitors in storing electrical energy. This chapter is essential for students to understand electric fields and their applications, particularly in electronics. In this article, we’ll review key topics in Chapter 2 and provide a set of 20 MCQs with answers in both English and Hindi to help students prepare effectively.
Table of Contents
Key Topics in Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Electrostatic Potential: Electrostatic potential at a point in an electric field is the work done to bring a unit positive charge from infinity to that point. It is a scalar quantity measured in volts (V).
- Potential Difference: The potential difference between two points is the work done in moving a unit charge from one point to another. It is a crucial concept in understanding electric circuits.
- Electric Potential Due to Point Charges: The potential at a distance from a point charge can be calculated using the formula V=kQrV = \frac{kQ}{r}V=rkQ, where VVV is the potential, QQQ is the charge, rrr is the distance, and kkk is Coulomb’s constant.
- Equipotential Surfaces: These are surfaces where every point has the same electric potential. No work is done in moving a charge along an equipotential surface.
- Capacitance and Capacitors: Capacitance is the ability of a system to store electric charge. A capacitor is a device used to store electrical energy in an electric field. The capacitance CCC of a capacitor is given by C=QVC = \frac{Q}{V}C=VQ, where QQQ is the charge stored, and VVV is the potential difference across the plates.
- Dielectrics and Their Effect on Capacitance: Dielectric materials placed between capacitor plates increase the capacitor’s ability to store charge without conducting electricity.
- Energy Stored in a Capacitor: The energy stored in a capacitor is given by U=12CV2U = \frac{1}{2}CV^2U=21CV2, where CCC is the capacitance and VVV is the voltage.
Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 MCQs 20 MCQs on Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance (in English and Hindi)
Here are 20 MCQs based on Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance. Each question is provided in both English and Hindi to help students understand and practice the concepts.
1. The SI unit of electrostatic potential is:
- (a) Coulomb
- (b) Volt
- (c) Farad
- (d) Newton
Answer: (b) Volt
1. वैद्युत स्थैतिक विभव की SI इकाई क्या है?
- (a) कूलम्ब
- (b) वोल्ट
- (c) फैराड
- (d) न्यूटन
उत्तर: (b) वोल्ट
2. The potential at a distance r from a charge Q is:
3. Work done in moving a unit positive charge along an equipotential surface is:
- (a) Positive
- (b) Negative
- (c) Zero
- (d) Infinity
Answer: (c) Zero
4. Which of the following is a unit of capacitance?
- (a) Joule
- (b) Farad
- (c) Volt
- (d) Coulomb
Answer: (b) Farad
5. The potential difference between two points in an electric field is given by:
6. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor depends on:
- (a) Distance between plates
- (b) Area of plates
- (c) Material between plates
- (d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
7. The electric potential energy of a system of two charges is proportional to:
8. The electric field between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is:
- (a) Zero
- (b) Constant
- (c) Variable
- (d) Infinite
Answer: (b) Constant
9. The energy stored in a capacitor is given by:
10. A dielectric is used in a capacitor to:
- (a) Increase capacitance
- (b) Decrease capacitance
- (c) Make it conductive
- (d) None of these
Answer: (a) Increase capacitance
11. The direction of electric field lines due to a positive charge is:
- (a) Inward
- (b) Outward
- (c) Circular
- (d) None of these
Answer: (b) Outward
12. The capacitance CCC of a capacitor is defined by:
13. If the potential difference between the plates of a capacitor is doubled, its capacitance will:
- (a) Double
- (b) Become half
- (c) Remain the same
- (d) Become zero
Answer: (c) Remain the same
14. The SI unit of potential difference is:
- (a) Joule
- (b) Volt
- (c) Coulomb
- (d) Newton
Answer: (b) Volt
15. In a parallel plate capacitor, capacitance is directly proportional to:
- (a) Distance between plates
- (b) Area of plates
- (c) Potential difference
- (d) None of these
Answer: (b) Area of plates
16. An equipotential surface:
- (a) Is always parallel to electric field lines
- (b) Is always perpendicular to electric field lines
- (c) Can be in any direction
- (d) None of the above
Answer: (b) Is always perpendicular to electric field lines
17. Electric potential due to a point charge at a distance r is given by:
18. When the distance between the plates of a capacitor is doubled, its capacitance:
- (a) Doubles
- (b) Becomes half
- (c) Remains the same
- (d) Becomes zero
Answer: (b) Becomes half
19. Potential difference is a measure of:
- (a) Charge
- (b) Energy per unit charge
- (c) Electric field strength
- (d) None of these
Answer: (b) Energy per unit charge
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